Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) provides excellent temporal and spatial resolution, tissue characterization, and flow measurements. This enables major advantages when guiding cardiac invasive procedures compared with X-ray fluoroscopy or ultrasound guidance. However, clinical implementation is limited due to limited availability of technological advancements in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) compatible equipment.
This systematic literature review explores the past and present applications of interventional MR, its technology readiness level (TRL), and its future applications.
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